Definitions and Classification of TIC Disorders: table 1
Classification of Tic Syndromes
Definite Tourette Syndrome (A-1)
Both multiple motor and one or more vocal tics have been present at some time during the illness, although not necessarily concurrently
The tics occur many times a day, nearly every day, or intermittently throughout a period of more than a year
The anatomic location, number, frequency, complexity, type, severity of tics changes over time
Onset before age 21
Involuntary movements and noises cannot be explained by other medical conditions
Motor and/or vocal tics must be witnessed by a reliable examiner directly at some point in the illness or be recorded by videotape or cinematography
Tourette Syndrome by History (A-2)
Both multiple motor and one or more vocal tics have been present at some time during the illness, although not necessarily concurrently
The tics occur many times a day (usually in bouts), nearly every day, or intermittently throughout a period of more than a year
The anatomic location, number, frequency, complexity, or severity of tics changes over time
Onset before age 21
Involuntary movements and noises cannot be explained by other medical conditions
Tics not witnessed by a reliable examiner, but tics were witnessed by a reliable family member or close friend, and description of tics as demonstrated is accepted by reliable examiner
Definite Chronic Multiple Motor Tic or Phonic Tic Disorder (B-1)
Either multiple motor or vocal tics, but not both, have been present at some time during the illness
The tics occur many times a day, nearly every day, or intermittently throughout a period of more than a year
The anatomic location, number, frequency, complexity, or severity of tics changes over time
Onset before age 21
Involuntary movements and noises cannot be explained by other medical conditions
Motor and/or vocal tics must be witnessed by a reliable examiner directly at some point in the illness or by videotape or cinematography
Chronic Multiple Motor Tic or Phonic Tic by History (B-2)
Either multiple motor or vocal tics, but not both, have been present at some time during illness
The tics occur many times a day, nearly every day, or intermittently throughout a period of more than a year
The anatomic location, number, frequency, complexity, or severity of tics changes over time
Onset before age 21
Involuntary movements and noises cannot be explained by other medical conditions
Tics not witnessed by a reliable examiner, but tics were witnessed by a reliable family member or close friend, and description of tics as demonstrated is accepted by reliable examiner
Chronic Single Tic Disorder (C)
Same as in B, but with single motor or vocal tic
Definite Transient Tic Disorder (D-1)
Single or multiple motor and/or vocal tics
The tics occur many times a day, nearly every day for at least 2 weeks, but for no longer than 12 consecutive months, although the disorder began over a year ago
The anatomic location, number, frequency, complexity, or severity of tics changes over time
No history of Tourette syndrome or chronic motor or vocal tic disorders
Onset before age 21
Motor and/or vocal tics must be witnessed by a reliable examiner directly at some point in the illness or by videotape or cinematography
Transient Tic Disorder by History (D-2)
Single or multiple motor and/or vocal tics
The tics occur many times a day, nearly every day for at least 2 weeks, but not for longer than 12 consecutive months
No history of Tourette syndrome or chronic motor or vocal tic disorders
Onset before age 21
Tics were not witnessed by a reliable examiner, but tics were witnessed by a reliable family member or close friend, and description of tics as demonstrated is accepted by a reliable examiner
Definite Nonspecific Tic Disorder (E-1)
Tics that do not meet the criteria for a specific tic disorder; an example would be a tic disorder with the tics lasting less than 1 year, and without any change over that period of time
Motor and/or vocal tics must be witnessed by a reliable examiner directly at some point in the ilness or by videotape or cinematography
Nonspecific Tic Disorder by History (E-2)
Tics that do not meet the criteria for a specific tic disorder; an example would be a tic disorder with the tics lasting less than 1 year, and without any change over that period of time
Tics were not witnessed by a reliable examiner, but tics were witnessed by a reliable family member or close friend, and description of tics as demonstrated is accepted by a reliable examiner
Definite Tic Disorder, Diagnosis Deferred (F)
Meets all criteria of definite Tourette syndrome (first definition), but duration of illness has not yet extended to 1 year
Probable Tourette Syndromes (G)
Type 1: Fulfills all criteria for definite Tourette syndrome (first definition) completely, but excludes the third and fourth criteria
Type 2: Fulfulls all criteria for definite Tourette syndrome (first definition) except for the first criterion; this type can be either a single motor tic with vocal tics or multiple motor tics with possible vocal tic(s)
Probable Multiple Tic Disorder - Motor and/or Vocal (H)
Fulfills all criteria for definite multiple tic disorder (second definition) completely, except for the third and/or fourth criteria
